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NARRATIVES

NARRATIVES

15 03 - 2024

EL CANTARO, LA CANTARERA AND LAS AGUADORAS OF MOJACAR

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 MOJAQUERAS WITH TYPICAL COSTUME

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I will begin by recalling the definition of the term "pitcher": it has its origin in the Latin "canthărus", which in turn comes from the Greek "κανθαρος" (kantharos), with the same meaning. The cantarera, also known as cantarero or cantaral, is a rustic piece of furniture or structure used to store pitchers. Traditionally made of wood, cantareras are also made of hemp, serones or angarillas for transporting these containers on donkeys and mules. It is an almost indispensable element in the domestic furnishings of Mediterranean culture from the Renaissance to the mid-19th century, and remained in use in the rural world for even longer. Its function succeeded the ingenious devices that performed a similar service with amphorae and other vessels in the Roman world. Life in the town of Mojácar is directly related to its millenary fountain, as demonstrated by the settlements and archaeological remains found in its vicinity. In its beginnings, access to the spring water was relatively simple, just a hundred metres from the spring that gushed between two rocks in the mountain. With time and the need for security, the town probably moved upwards and settled in the present location of Mojácar. The supply of water, vital for the daily life of the people and animals in the town of Mojácar, was carried out by the use of contemporary containers, going down from the village to the fountain and then coming back up again with the load of water, and it is in this context that the pitcher, the cantarera and the aguadoras (water carriers) stand out. For centuries, the Mojácar Fountain was, has been and continues to be the "Fountain of Life", being fundamental to the very existence of the town as we know it today. The supply of water to the homes was carried out thanks to the water jug and the hard work of the women who descended to the fountain and then ascended laden with water, which gave rise to the figure of the Mojaquera with the jug on her head. The Cuesta de la Fuente was for centuries the main road, where the movement of people and animals down to the fountain and up to the houses was concentrated, transporting water and also washed clothes. It is worth remembering the description by the 12th century cartographer, geographer and traveller, Abū Abd Allāh MuhammadAl Idrisi (1100-1165), of the ascent to Mojácar, probably via the Cuesta de la Fuente: "The ascent to Mojácar is so steep that it cannot be climbed on horseback".

THE FOUNTAIN OF MOJACAR

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It is important to point out to the reader that the supply of running water to the houses of Mojácar began to be installed at the end of the 1960s, when Jacinto Alarcón was Mayor of Mojácar. Once the water was transported in jugs, these were deposited in the typical cantareras, strategically located near the kitchens, in patios or inside the kitchens themselves. The cantareras were usually made of wood, with space for 3, 4 or 5 pitchers, being the most common. There were also cantareras made of plaster, embedded in the corners or walls, and the cántaro has survived to the present day, although now as a decorative element. Not so long ago, in Mojácar, it was common to see them going up and down the Cuesta de la Fuente, carried by women in their arms or on their heads to their homes, or carried by the water carriers on donkeys and mules to distribute them to the houses that requested them. Drinking water had to be obtained from the Mojácar Fountain and then carried up the Cuesta de la Fuente.


Gerardo Martinez Cabello
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